Music in games research

Penka Kouneva’s talk, “Creating the Musical Identity and Style of Your Game,” offers a comprehensive exploration of the collaborative process between game developers and composers in crafting a game’s unique musical identity. Drawing from her extensive experience in both film and video game scoring, Kouneva emphasizes the importance of music not only as an emotional enhancer but also as a critical branding tool that defines a game’s genre, setting, characters, and narrative.

A central theme of her presentation is the necessity of clear communication and mutual understanding between developers and composers. Kouneva discusses how developers can effectively convey their vision and musical requirements, and how composers can interpret and realize these ideas to create a cohesive and immersive sonic environment. She illustrates this collaborative process with examples, highlighting how a well-crafted score can elevate gameplay and enhance player engagement.

Additionally, Kouneva addresses potential challenges in collaboration, such as misaligned expectations or communication breakdowns, and offers strategies to navigate these issues. Her insights underscore the significance of the composer’s role in aligning the game’s auditory elements with its overall aesthetic and narrative goals.

Overall, the talk provides valuable perspectives for both developers and composers on the integral role of music in game development and the collaborative efforts required to achieve a compelling and distinctive game score.


Collins, K. (2008) Game sound : an introduction to the history, theory, and practice of video game music and sound design. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Available at: http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9780262270694 (Accessed: May 14, 2025).

Karen Collins’ “Game Sound: An Introduction to the History, Theory, and Practice of Video Game Music and Sound Design” serves as a foundational text in the field of ludomusicology. The book offers a thorough exploration of video game audio, tracing its development from early history to modern practices. Collins examines the technological advancements, production processes, and theoretical frameworks that set game audio apart from other media forms. She highlights the unique challenges presented by interactivity and nonlinearity, discussing their impact on sound design and music composition.

The book has been widely praised for its extensive scope, successfully merging academic theory with practical industry insights, making it a valuable resource for both scholars and industry practitioners. However, some critiques have emerged regarding the writing style, which some readers find dense, as well as the book’s focus on AAA titles, which may overshadow the diversity of genres and indie game developments. Despite these shortcomings, “Game Sound” remains a seminal work that has greatly enriched the academic conversation surrounding video game audio.



Collins, K. (2013) Playing with sound : a theory of interacting with sound and music in video games. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. Available at: http://site.ebrary.com/id/10645965 (Accessed: May 14, 2025).

This text examines the player’s sound experience in video games and how players interact with sonic elements in games. In “Playing with Sound,” Karen Collins explores video game sound from the player’s perspective. She looks at how players engage with a game’s sonic aspects, including music, sound effects, ambient sounds, dialogue, and interface sounds, both during gameplay and outside.

Collins investigates how players discover, create, express, and reinterpret meaning through interactive sound in games. Drawing on diverse fields like film studies, philosophy, psychology, and computer science, she develops a theory of interactive sound experience that differentiates between actively interacting with sound and merely listening.

Her conceptual framework combines practice theory, which focuses on the productive and consumptive practices surrounding media, and embodied cognition, which suggests that our physical interactions with it shape our understanding of the world. Collins explores the multimodal experience of sound, image, and touch in games, the role of interactive sound in generating emotional experiences through immersion and player identification with game characters, and how sound serves as a mediator for various performative activities. She also examines interactions with sound beyond the game, including practices like machinima, chiptunes, and circuit bending, which incorporate game elements into sonic performances.

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